We need cloths to protect our ourselves from heat,cold,rain and germs.Early human beings wore cloths which were made from plants leaves or animal skin.Now a days cloths are generally made from long threads,called fibers.
Fibres are either woven,or knitting,to make a fabric.Fabric is then used to make a cloth which we wear.The nature of cloths,that we need to wear,varies from season to season and from place to place.
There are two types of fibre-
1.Natural fibre
2.Synthetic fibre
Natural fibre-Fibres,which are obtained from natural sources,that is,plants and animals,are called natural fibres.
Fibres obtained from plants are-cotton, jute,coir and linen.
Fibres obtained from animals are-wool and silk.
Synthetic fibre-Fibres which are prepared in factories using appropriate chemical.Synthetic fibres are also called as man - made fibres.Nylon,terylene and rylon are some of the example of such synthetic fibre.
Synthetic fibres are better than natural fibres in some respect.They are stronger ,wrinkle-free,have fast colour,do not shrink and are not spoiled by moths.
Cotton- It grows on plants.Cotton plants grow well in black soil.Black is fine as it remains dry from top but remains the moisture inside,this helps the plant to grow.Warm and humid climates ,having temprature of over 16 degree celsius ,providethe most suitable condition for the growth of the cotton plant.Cotton is obtained from the fruit , called bolls.
Jute- It is also obtained from a plant . It is called the golden fibre,because of its colour.It is obtained from the bark of the jute plant which grows well in alluvialn soil.Jute plant uses up the fertility of the soil to a large extent.Fresh soil is,therefore,needed every year for growing jute plants.
Coir- It is obtained from the outer covering of coconut which does not require a very fertile soil for its growth.Red and Yellow soil is suitable for coconut.
Linen- It is obtained from fibres of wax plant.The suitable soils ,for flax are alluvial soil and deep loams.
Wool- It is obtained from the body coat of animals like -camel,sheep etc.The body is called fleece.
Silk- It is obtained from silkworms . These worms grow on the leaves of the mulberry plant.
Production of cloth-
Collection of fibres - spinning- weaving- dyeing-printing- finishing - tailoring
Collection of fibres-Workers collect fibres from different sources . For example-cotton,wool etc.
Spinning-Fibres are first made into long thread -like strand.These are then spun together to form yarn.The process of making yarn from fibre is called spinning.
Weaving- It is a process of making cloth ,or fabric from yarn. This is done by a weaver.The machine by which this is done is called loom.The natural machine is called handloom.
Dyeing- After the fabric ia prepared it is given different colours . The processing of colouring the cloth is called dyeing.This is done by a dyer.
Printing- To make the dyed look more attractive beautiful pattern are printed on it.
Finishing-The print cloth is finally made smooth soft and shiny.
Tailoring- The finished cloth is then sent to the market from where we buy it .
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| fabric |
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| fibre |
There are two types of fibre-
1.Natural fibre
2.Synthetic fibre
Natural fibre-Fibres,which are obtained from natural sources,that is,plants and animals,are called natural fibres.
Fibres obtained from plants are-cotton, jute,coir and linen.
Fibres obtained from animals are-wool and silk.
Synthetic fibre-Fibres which are prepared in factories using appropriate chemical.Synthetic fibres are also called as man - made fibres.Nylon,terylene and rylon are some of the example of such synthetic fibre.
Synthetic fibres are better than natural fibres in some respect.They are stronger ,wrinkle-free,have fast colour,do not shrink and are not spoiled by moths.
Cotton- It grows on plants.Cotton plants grow well in black soil.Black is fine as it remains dry from top but remains the moisture inside,this helps the plant to grow.Warm and humid climates ,having temprature of over 16 degree celsius ,providethe most suitable condition for the growth of the cotton plant.Cotton is obtained from the fruit , called bolls.
Jute- It is also obtained from a plant . It is called the golden fibre,because of its colour.It is obtained from the bark of the jute plant which grows well in alluvialn soil.Jute plant uses up the fertility of the soil to a large extent.Fresh soil is,therefore,needed every year for growing jute plants.
Coir- It is obtained from the outer covering of coconut which does not require a very fertile soil for its growth.Red and Yellow soil is suitable for coconut.
Linen- It is obtained from fibres of wax plant.The suitable soils ,for flax are alluvial soil and deep loams.
Wool- It is obtained from the body coat of animals like -camel,sheep etc.The body is called fleece.
Silk- It is obtained from silkworms . These worms grow on the leaves of the mulberry plant.Production of cloth-
Collection of fibres - spinning- weaving- dyeing-printing- finishing - tailoring
Collection of fibres-Workers collect fibres from different sources . For example-cotton,wool etc.
 |
| spinning |
Weaving- It is a process of making cloth ,or fabric from yarn. This is done by a weaver.The machine by which this is done is called loom.The natural machine is called handloom.
 |
| weaving |
Dyeing- After the fabric ia prepared it is given different colours . The processing of colouring the cloth is called dyeing.This is done by a dyer.Printing- To make the dyed look more attractive beautiful pattern are printed on it.
Finishing-The print cloth is finally made smooth soft and shiny.
Tailoring- The finished cloth is then sent to the market from where we buy it .
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